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Subject: Re: Los Alamos chess

Author: José Antônio Fabiano Mendes

Date: 08:43:22 03/29/00

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On March 28, 2000 at 14:12:38, Jari Huikari wrote:

>On March 28, 2000 at 12:52:04, José Antônio Fabiano Mendes wrote:
>
>>http://www.chessvariants.com/small.dir/losalamos.html   JAFM
>
>http://www.math.jyu.fi/~huikari/ALAMOS.ZIP  :-)
>
>					Jari

Mathematician Stanislaw Ulam is best known for his pivotal role in developing
the hydrogen bomb in the 1940s and 1950s,but that´s not what put him in the
record books.The government laboratory in Los Alamos,New Mexico,got hold of
one of the first computers,MANIAC I,so that Ulam and the other H-bomb
researchers wouldn´t have to stay up nights solving their voluminous equations
with pencil and paper.Ulam,who described himself modestly as a "fair" chess
player,couldn´t resist putting the machine to work on a project of somewhat
less import to cold-war strategy.Together with physicist Paul Stein,he wrote
one of the first chess-playing programs.
Ulam´s program was a mediocre player at best.Even though it considered a mere
two moves in advance,it would still have required an hour of computation each
turn had Ulam not also simplified the game by removing two bishops and two
pawns from each side and reducing the size of the board from 64 squares to 36.
With this help,in 1956 the program just managed to eke out a victory against
one of Ulam´s colleagues,becoming,40 years ago,the first program to beat a
human,albeit a rank beginner,at a stripped-down version of chess.
Source:"Discover" magazine,June 1996,page 48,"Silicon Gambit" by Fred Guterl



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