Computer Chess Club Archives


Search

Terms

Messages

Subject: Rigging of Opening Books (Larry Kaufman)

Author: Dana Turnmire

Date: 06:15:42 05/29/01


  This article appeared in the 1996 issue of Computer Chess Reports by IM Larry
Kaufman.

  "In past years I have occasionally written about the problem of Computer
opening books being designed especially to defeat specific competing programs,
so as to outrate them on the various Computer rating lists, especially the "Ply"
list from Sweden.  I know this was done by many if not all of the dedicated
manufacturers in the past; in fact I even did a bit of it myself for Novag
several years ago on its "Super-Expert" models.  Since there were so many
different models, the effect of such rigging was always rather small on the
ratings, since it was not practical to rig against more than a few opposing
machines.  Now that the top PC programs can defeat nearly all opposition except
each other, the problem has resurfaced since only two or three main rivals need
to be booked against.
  According to an article in the new issue of "Selective Search", MChess Pro 5.0
has set new records in terms of rigging its book to defeat its opposition, in
particular the "Genius" programs.  In one game Genius left book on move 17,
while MCP5 remained in book until move 39(!) by which time it was clearly
winning.  Even with the book off, MCP5 makes its moves instantly until move 39
in this line, which means that the program itself contains a "hidden" book
separate from the normal book.  In another game, Genius left its book on move
10, while MCP5 remained in book until move 24, at which point it thought and
then announced mate in 7!  As a result of this "booking", MCP5 achieved crushing
scores against its leading competitors and got the top spot in the "Ply" rating
list.
  My point here is not to disparage MCP5, which is a fine program.  The book
author undoubtedly felt justified in putting in such killer lines on the grounds
that other programmers also do this;  he merely did it better and more
pervasively than others.  One effect of this type of rigging is that newer
programs always get higher ratings than the older ones, by more than they
deserve, since the new programs can only be rigged against older ones.  Years
ago I argued in favor of "reversal" testing in which the opening lines are
selected form a list of standard ones, with each computer playing the line once
as white and once as black.  While there are arguments against this (is it fair
to force a program to play an opening contary to its style?), it seems that now
the merits of this reversal testing outweigh the demerits, and I recommend that
future testers consider switching to thie methodology."



This page took 0 seconds to execute

Last modified: Thu, 15 Apr 21 08:11:13 -0700

Current Computer Chess Club Forums at Talkchess. This site by Sean Mintz.