Author: K. Burcham
Date: 10:50:10 04/17/02
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I am only interested in the 1997 Deep blue. we know changes were made between the 1996 match and the 1997 match that increased the strength. not only in knowledge and software, but there was also a substantial increase in kns with hardware improvements. below is taken from IBM site. if all this is true, then 1997 Deep Blue was probably stronger than 1996 Deep Blue. thanks slate, kburcham The current version The latest iteration of the Deep Blue computer is a 32-node IBM RS/6000 SP high-performance computer, which utilizes the new Power Two Super Chip processors (P2SC). Each node of the SP employs a single microchannel card containing 8 dedicated VLSI chess processors, for a total of 256 processors working in tandem. Deep Blue's programming code is written in C and runs under the AIX operating system. The net result is a scalable, highly parallel system capable of calculating 100-200 billions moves within three minutes, which is the time allotted to each player's move in classical chess. Improvements in this year's model The most prominent improvement in Deep Blue is its speed. The computer is now running on a faster system, the latest version of the RS/6000 SP, which employs the Power Two Super Chip (P2SC) processors. "That will give us a factor of two speed-up over the system that played last year," says Deep Blue developer Murray Campbell. "And in chess programs, speed is very important. The faster you are, the stronger you play." This means that Deep Blue will be able to examine and evaluate twice as many chess positions per second than last year. Exactly how many? According to the development team, Deep Blue will be able to explore 200,000,000 positions per second. Incidentally, Garry Kasparov can examine approximately three positions per second. Deep Blue's "chess knowledge" has been significantly enhanced over the past 12 months through the efforts of team consultant and international grandmaster Joel Benjamin. Garry Kasparov is certainly a great chess player -- perhaps the greatest in history -- but the new and improved Deep Blue offers a challenge that even the world champion has yet to experience. The increase in computing power will also allow Deep Blue to adapt to new strategies as the game progresses. Those following last year's match will remember that Kasparov eventually defeated Deep Blue by switching strategies mid-game. The development team feels that this tactic will not be as effective this time around. Deep Blue's chess knowledge has also increased over the past 12 months. "We spent a lot of time, several months, working with a grandmaster, Joel Benjamin," states Campbell. "There are sometimes things that a grandmaster knows that are sometimes difficult to put into a computer program. We are working hard to get to know as much about chess as possible."
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