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Subject: Re: Implementing Planning in an Engine

Author: Bob Durrett

Date: 14:57:29 02/04/04

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On February 04, 2004 at 14:15:33, Tom Likens wrote:

>
>Hello Everyone,
>
>I'm getting ready to implement some new features in my engine and
>one of the items on my TODO list is to give the engine some rudimentary
>planning capablities.  The idea I've been toying with is to use the
>features of the pawn structure (and the king locations) to guide what
>the engine should try over the next few moves.  The advantage of using
>the pawn formation as a trigger or even index into a variety of evaluation
>functions, (perhaps dynamically selected by a function pointer at runtime)
>is that the information could be stored in the pawn hash table for
>easy retrieval.
>
>As an example, if the center is blocked and white has a preponderance of
>force and space on the king side then it may be okay to start a king-
>side attack using the white king pawns to break open the black king's
>castled location.  At the very least moves like g4, h4 should be considered.
>This would be especially true if the black queen was trapped on the
>queenside and the black's king safety was already weakened.  Other
>factors would be control of the squares around the enemy king, but the
>initial trigger would be the features of the pawn structure.
>
>Anyway, this is just one example other patterns could be the Stonewall,
>the pawn chains that arise out of the French Defence, the Caro-Kan etc.
>or even recognizing when a queenside minority attack made sense.
>
>In fact, I've starting using a variation of this idea in the king safety
>routines.
>I recently started saving the pawn state of the six squares directly in front
>of the king (if a pawn is present then bit is set in an 8-bit index).  This
>value, once calculated, is used as an index into an array of function
>pointers that point to functions tailored for the specific pawn structure
>(e.g. if the pawn structure is a fianchetto structure then elements related
>to the strength or weakness of the fianchetto bishop etc. are checked).
>So far, the results have been encouraging but it needs a lot of tuning and
>experimentation.
>
>Anyway, I was wondering has anyone else here given any of these
>ideas a try yet?  And if so, how successful have they been?
>
>regards,
>--tom

It is a mistake to assume that pawn structure is the sole indicator of a proper
plan.  There are quite a few relevant books on this topic.  Here are a few:

2750	Mikhail	Botvinnik	2	Michail Botvinnik: Master of Strategy Botvinnik's Best
Games 1947-1970   (4th Ed.)	1992	ISBN 0713469730
2750	Dr. M.	Euwe	1	Strategy & Tactics in Chess	1973	Lib. Con. 7297547	David
McKay Co., Inc.
2653	Yasser & Jeremy	Seirawan & Silman	1	Winning Chess Strategies	1994	ISBN
1556156634
2640	Alexander & Adrian	Beliavsky & Mikhalchishin	7	Winning Endgame
Strategy	2000	ISBN 0713484462	Batsford
2550	Lev & Sam	Alburt & Palatnik	1	Chess Strategy for the Tournament
Player	1997	ISBN 1889323055
2525	Vlastimil	Jansa	3	Dynamics of Chess Strategy	2003	ISBN 0713486082	Batsford
2520	Ludek	Pachman	1	Modern Chess Strategy	1963	ISBN 0486202909
2510	Raymond	Keene	2	Grandmaster Strategy 	2002	ISBN 0951375792
2507	Mihai	Suba	1	Dynamic Chess Strategy	1991	ISBN 0080371418
2475	M. I.	Shereshevsky	7	Endgame Strategy	1988	ISBN 0080297455
2464	Josh	Waitzkin	1	Josh Waitzkin's Attacking Chess: Aggressive Strategies and
Inside Moves	1995	ISBN 0684802503
2460	Mark	Dvoretsky	1	Strategic Play:  School of Chess Excellence 3	2002	ISBN
3283004188
2450	Edward	Lasker	1	Modern Chess Strategy	1978	ISBN 0679140220
2434	Eduard & Nikolai	Gufeld & Kalienchenko	1	Chess Strategy	2003	ISBN
0713487755
2420	John	Watson	1	Chess Strategy in Action 	2003	ISBN 1901983692
2420	John	Watson	1	Secrets of Modern Chess Strategy: Advances Since
Nimzowitsch	1999	ISBN 1901983072
2388	Angus	Dunnington	1	101 Winning Chess Strategies	1999	ISBN 1901983226
2383	Jeremy	Silman	1	The Complete Book of Chess Strategy Grandmaster Techniques
from A to Z	1998	ISBN 1890085014
2381	Edmar	Mednis	7	Advanced Endgame Strategies	1996	ISBN 0945470592
2381	Edmar	Mednis	2	Strategic Chess: Mastering the Closed Game	1993	ISBN
0945806116
2381	Edmar	Mednis	7	Strategic Themes in Endgames   (2nd Ed.)	1991	ISBN
0931462940
2325	Jan	van Reek	7	Basic Strategy in the Endgame	1997	ISBN 9074827276
2325	Jan	van Reek	1	Hypermodern Strategy	1996	ISBN 0875682820
2325	Jan	van Reek	1	Strategy in Chess	1997	ISBN 3980489698	Schachfirma Fruth
2295	Tom	Unger	1	Strategical Themes	1989	ISBN 0938650459
2250	Robert	Leininger	1	Middlegame Strategy with the Carlsbad Pawn
Structure	1997	ISBN 1886846073
2201	G. M. & Bernard	Lisitsyn & Cafferty	1	Second Book of Chess
Strategy	1976	ISBN 0713414251
2200	Bruce	Pandolfini	1	Weapons of Chess: An Omnibus of Chess Strategy	1989	ISBN
0671659723
2200	Alfonso	Romero	1	Creative Chess Strategy	2003	ISBN 1901983927	Gambit
2177	Eric	Schiller	1	Strategy for Advanced Players	1992	ISBN 0875682022
0	Leslie	AuIt	1	The Genesis of Power Chess: Effective Winning Techniques for
Strategy and Tactics	1993	ISBN 0938650505
0	Leonard	Barden	1	How Good is Your Chess? Rate your skill and improve your
strategy by participating in 35 master games	1957	ISBN 0486232948
0	Irving	Chernev	2	The Most Instructive Games of Chess Ever Played: 62
Masterpieces of Chess Strategy	1965	ISBN 048673024
0		Pickett	6	Enterprizing Strategy in the King's Indian Defense	1975	ISBN
0	John Norman	Walker	1	Attacking the King: Fighting Strategy and Tactics for
Checkmate	1989	ISBN 1852602201

Bob D.



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