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Subject: Re: Ponder in chess engines

Author: Harald Lüßen

Date: 12:14:10 02/19/06

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On February 19, 2006 at 13:59:36, Bahram Namjou wrote:

>I asked this question before but with no comments so I post it again!
>
>when the ponder is on and chess engine thinks and evaluates a position, all of
>the further evaluations are only based on one predicted move that considered to
>be the opponent best next move however never this predicted move will change
>during "thinking time" no matter this "thinking time" is 5 seconds or 50
>minutes...can anyone explain this why?...thanks, bn

I know two ways of pondering.

When an engine makes a move emg_move1 it is the first move
in the principle variation: eng_move1 opp_move1 eng_move2 opp_move2 ...

a) The engine now assumes the opponent will play opp_move1. Internally it
makes the move and starts thinking (pondering) about its own answer,
obviously beginning with eng_move2.
pro: when the opponent really plays opp_move1 the engine can answer
immediately or just use the time advantage and the hash Table and the
so far calculated depth.
con: when the opponent makes another move the search has to start
from the begining. This is like 'no ponder' if there is not just
a simple transposition. Off course it has to correct its internal move
on the board.

b) The engine starts thinking for the opponents move, beginning with
opp_move1. There could be a better move opp_move1a. There is always
a new principle variation and most important there are new entries
in the hash table.
pro: when the opponent makes the move opp_move1a the pv and the
hash table are full with information to answer this move.
If the opponent plays a move opp_move1b chances are good that it was
considered too and there are some infos in the hash table.
With this strategy a huge thinking time can be used better.
con: If the opponent plays move opp_move1 the hash table entries
with the information belonging to this move may have been overwritten
and we lost a half move of depth.

There are engines for both strategies.
Many experts say strategy a) is better. At least for good engines
which predict the right move anyway.

Harald



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