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Subject: Re: Why is Crafty so fast?

Author: Robert Hyatt

Date: 06:20:53 11/27/97

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On November 27, 1997 at 04:43:04, Chris Whittington wrote:

>
>On November 26, 1997 at 21:52:10, Robert Hyatt wrote:
>
>>On November 26, 1997 at 15:54:48, Tom Likens wrote:
>>
>>>
>>>How about "because Bob's a damn good programmer!!" :)
>>>
>>>Bob, you've gotta' love messages like this.  So much more satisfying
>>>then
>>>why did Crafty X.XX lose to Mega-Chess 1E6 on such-and-such a date.
>>>
>>>To really address the question, from my perusal of Crafty's source code,
>>>it seems to do an excellent job of move ordering and intelligent move
>>>extensions.  Both key components of a fast program.
>>>
>>>--Tom Likens
>>
>>while it's move ordering is not bad, it is not particularly exciting.
>>The
>>stuff I do here is the same stuff I did in Cray Blitz for many years.
>>That
>>part of the search is well-known...
>>
>>Part of the speed has been the direct result of bitmap development.
>>When I
>>started, I knew nothing about it.  I made a promise to myself that I was
>>going
>>to stick with them for at *least* 3 years, to give myself a chance to
>>become
>>familiar with them, and get into the mode of "thinking bitmaps."  It is
>>now
>>natural, thankfully, and they offer a lot.  They *really* offer a lot
>>when it
>>comes to 64 bit architectures, because they are designed to work on such
>>machines efficiently...
>
>If I remember rightly, Crafty didn't get such a vast nps improvement on
>the alpha in Paris, certainly not as much as I'ld been expecting .....
>
>What is Crafty nps on say a PP200, compared to an alpha 500 ?
>
>And could you factor out for us the nps change due to the architecture
>only ? (I know this is fraught with difficulties, but please take a shot
>at it).
>
>Chris Whittington


All I can respond with here is that Jason ran a suite of 6 test
positions,
two opening, two middlegame and two endgame positions.  On the P6/200,
we
averaged 80K across them.  On the alpha/500 we averaged 250K across
them,
which is roughly 3.1X faster.

Bruce reported 1.7X improvement (P6/200 to 21164/533).  So this is
probably
the "pure" mhz improvement expected here.  Our machine was almost 10%
slower
(500mhz) but our improvement was almost 2x over what Bruce reported.
This is
likely attributed to the 64bit vs the 32bit architectural difference.
But it
is all speculation.

One point here is that Crafty favors the P6/200 because I have tuned for
that,
particularly after studying the Intel manuals that explain the processor
architecture.  We have done *no* tuning for the alpha.  Joel Rivat
reports
that I crush him speed-wise on the PC platform, but he is much faster
than
me on the alpha.  I'd bet we have another 50% lurking inside that we
could
(will) get later...

Our opening NPS on a P6 is inn the 50K range, typical middlegame is
80-100K,
and endgames settle in around 100K and up (but not by much).  The alpha
is
pretty much 3.1X faster.  According to bruce the 767 machines scaled
pretty
well compared to the 500, so we could have probably searched at
somewhere
around 350-400K on one of those.  Wait until next year.  :)



>
>>
>>but you are right, it is more fun talking about why it is fast, or why
>>it
>>does (or doesn't) find a particular move, rather than why it loses to or
>>beats program "X".  IE I'd suspect someone is going to want to know how
>>Rebel 9 lost to Rebel 7 in this last tournament going on.  The answer is
>>simply "stuff happens."  One game is interesting, but not informative.



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