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Subject: Re: Opteron very fast at 64 bits

Author: Vincent Diepeveen

Date: 16:09:44 08/03/03

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On August 03, 2003 at 16:56:26, Eugene Nalimov wrote:

>On August 03, 2003 at 15:07:47, Vincent Diepeveen wrote:
>
>>Those pages June 2003, looks pretty new to me :)
>
>Yes, web site contains latest Platform SDK, dated June 2003. You can look
>earlier PSDK, and trust me, those functions are there for some time...
>
>Thanks,
>Eugene

"The paper supports everything"

quote from: Arturo I Ochoa, Caracas 2003

Thanks,
Vincent

>>
>>>On August 03, 2003 at 11:12:15, Vincent Diepeveen wrote:
>>>
>>>>On August 03, 2003 at 06:14:06, Bo Persson wrote:
>>>>
>>>>>On August 02, 2003 at 18:22:58, Vincent Diepeveen wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>>On August 02, 2003 at 09:15:26, Bo Persson wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>>On August 01, 2003 at 14:13:18, Kim Roper Jensen wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>On August 01, 2003 at 14:00:18, Eugene Nalimov wrote:
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>I see quite different result on AMD64 when Crafty is compiled by 64-bit Visual
>>>>>>>>>C. :-)
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>>Thanks,
>>>>>>>>>Eugene
>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>>Sorry for asking but what did you see ?? :)
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>A non-disclosure agreement in his employment contract?  :-)
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>I'm sure we will see the numbers about 2 seconds after the compiler is released.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>Not really. What you need first is a windows version that can run the stuff 64
>>>>>>bits native at opteron.
>>>>>
>>>>>Yes, of course. Do you care to make a guess on what MS is using their Opteron
>>>>>compiler for. :-)
>>>>
>>>>I guess they are working hard and basic problem is not only that m$ is 32 bits
>>>>in some respects (file systems and such already long period ago 64 bits in 1995)
>>>>but especially that their kernel stuff is written in assembly.
>>>>
>>>>That's one of the reasons why the kernel is much faster practically than linux
>>>>for applications (if i put of old diep versions which aren't NUMA 2 processes to
>>>>search at a single cpu machine then it runs *way* faster on NT, about factor 2
>>>>to 4 than under linux kernel).
>>>>
>>>>So using their own compiler for their own kernel is not exactly what they can
>>>>do.
>>>>
>>>>A big challenge of opteron is that it is NUMA.
>>>
>>>That is not new challenge -- please go to MSDN web site and search for "NUMA".
>>>You may be surprised.
>>>
>>>Thanks,
>>>Eugene
>>>
>>>>I am sure m$ will be very happy supporting the AMD platforms. Competition in the
>>>>hardware branche is good for microsoft. So in the highest levels of the
>>>>organisations the x86-64 platforms will have a lot of support.
>>>>
>>>>Even if microsoft wouldn't want to support it, they still MUST support it
>>>>because x86 is history within a few years and we all will be running x86-64
>>>>platforms only. Either with intel OR amd sticker.
>>>>
>>>>I guess even the biggest cpu amateurs will understand by now that intel is
>>>>developing their own x86-64 processor generations. Perhaps even giving it a 'p4'
>>>>sticker though it's an entirely new core.
>>>>
>>>>The only thing we do not know is *when* they will release their x86-64 cpu's.
>>>>AMD simply has advantage there now.
>>>>
>>>>We can very shortly describe the x86-64 architecture. Cheap. High clockable and
>>>>superior to everything out there including itanium. Especially superior to
>>>>itanium.
>>>>
>>>>I'm running at a cpu or 64 now (itanium2-madison 1.3Ghz 3MB) and they are great
>>>>for the highend but a joke even when compared to x86 for the average user.
>>>>
>>>>Intel plans to mass produce itaniums for the 'low-end' market have been put into
>>>>the fridge a long while ago. The only reason intel is continuing this processor
>>>>now (seemingly) is because they probably can't go back. Or perhaps they wait
>>>>until they have x86-64 cpu's available.
>>>>
>>>>How can GCC 2.96 without profile recompilation be just 15% slower than intel c++
>>>>7.0 using profile information (prof_use) at the itanium platform?
>>>>
>>>>The problem of the itanium platform is they can't clock it high despite working
>>>>for years already at that problem, it is too expensive, and it is impossible to
>>>>write software for it.
>>>>
>>>>Even the current generations of supercomputers with itaniums that get delivered
>>>>are missing major software support for it. Like crucial fortran libraries.
>>>>
>>>>This where > 60% of the total system time of supercomputers goes to gflops used
>>>>by fortran libraries.
>>>>
>>>>If you add up the picture then it is a matter of time before the x86-64 will
>>>>dominate everything.
>>>>
>>>>However it is sad to realize that most likely the linux world will be too late
>>>>again. Despite that microsoft must convert their assembly libraries to new
>>>>opteron assembly, we know they must be very far already with that conversion.
>>>>
>>>>This where the linux plans to write a NUMA kernel for kernel 2.6 have been just
>>>>defined a few weeks ago. Not to mention the years it will take to carry out an
>>>>effective implementation.
>>>>
>>>>For those who still do not understand what i'm talking about. When you have more
>>>>than 1 opteron processor, so a dual opteron or even more processors, then it is
>>>>of crucial importance that the kernel can run locally on each kernel for the
>>>>jobs that can be done locally.
>>>>
>>>>Local memory at opteron is way faster than global memory.
>>>>
>>>>In fact the opteron asks for a cc-NUMA operating system which until recently was
>>>>only getting used by very big non-real time supercomputer systems.
>>>>
>>>>I would not be surprised if microsoft is years sooner in releasing a version
>>>>that works well than the linux community, despite that everyone will understand
>>>>that bugfixing assembly code is a lot harder than fixing a bit of C code.
>>>>
>>>>Best regards,
>>>>Vincent
>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>Bo Persson
>>>>>bop2@telia.com



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